The UN Secretary-General renewed his call for a ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and upheld the need for a two-State solution between Israelis and Palestinians in a speech on Saturday to the League of Arab States Summit in Baghdad.
António Guterres told leaders meeting in the Iraqi capital that "the region and the world face trials and tests on all fronts," starting with the situation in Gaza.
He reiterated that neither the atrocious 7 October 2023 terror attacks by Hamas nor the collective punishment of the Palestinian people can be justified.
Permanent ceasefire now
"We need a permanent ceasefire, now. The unconditional release of all hostages, now. And the free flow of humanitarian aid ending the blockade, now," he said .
The Secretary-General expressed alarm over reports that Israel plans to expand ground operations in Gaza and stressed that the UN "will not participate in any so-called aid operation that does not adhere to international law and the humanitarian principles of humanity, impartiality, independence and neutrality."
He again called for full support for UN Palestine refugee agency UNRWA , including funding.
Two-State solution at risk
The UN chief rejected the repeated displacement of the Gaza population, as well as any suggestion regarding forced displacement outside the territory, and urged leaders to remain focused on the terrible situation in the occupied West Bank.
"Let's be clear," he said. "Annexation is illegal. Settlements are illegal. Only a two-State solution can deliver sustainable peace."
He said the high-level conference in June, co-chaired by France and Saudi Arabia, is an important opportunity.
"The world, the region - and, most of all, the people of Palestine and Israel - cannot afford to watch the two-State solution disappear before our eyes," he said.
Respect Lebanese sovereignty
The Secretary-General addressed the situation in Lebanon. He emphasized that the country's sovereignty and territorial integrity must be respected, and the Government must have full control over the entire territory.
He was encouraged by continued progress on reforms as well as efforts to deploy the Lebanese Armed Forces to the south, with support from the UN Mission in the country, UNIFIL .
Mr. Guterres touched on Syria, saying sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity are critical. He urged strong support for an inclusive Syrian-led and Syrian-owned political process that safeguards the rights and participation of all the country's people and ensures their protection.
Regarding Yemen, he noted that attacks by Houthi rebels in the Red Sea have caused significant damage to regional and local economies. He welcomed the cessation of hostilities between the Houthis and the United States, announced by Oman on 6 May.
The Secretary-General also called for the release of UN staff and other personnel in Yemen who have been arbitrarily arrested.
Engagement on Sudan
In Sudan, renewed and coordinated multilateral engagement is crucial to help stem appalling violence, famine, and mass displacement, he said, and thanked the Arab League and African Union (AU) for the excellent coordination meeting convened the previous day. He also commended the Arab League's efforts to strengthen multilateral coordination.
The Secretary-General turned next to Somalia, saying unity and inclusive dialogue are imperative. Furthermore, assistance from Somalia's partners will be essential in the fight against Al-Shabaab militants and to strengthen peace and security.
For this reason, Mr. Guterres said he has put forward a recommendation to the UN Security Council to enable predictable and sustainable financing for the AU Support and Stabilization Mission in the country.
Meanwhile in Libya, the UN is also actively engaging in efforts to end the confrontation between armed groups, to preserve the independence of key oversight institutions, to address obstacles preventing national elections, and set the course for long-term stability and prosperity in line with the people's needs and aspirations.
Lessons from Baghdad
The Secretary-General concluded his remarks by commending the progress Iraq has made over the past two decades in strengthening institutions, resolving outstanding disputes through dialogue, providing humanitarian assistance and promoting sustainable development as well as human rights.
He said the UN Assistance Mission in Iraq ( UNAMI ) has accompanied the country on this path and is working to ensure the successful delivery of its residual mandate and an orderly drawdown by the end of the year.
"Despite the enormous challenges, let us draw lessons and hope from here in Baghdad," he said. "Working in unity and solidarity, we can help resolve conflicts and build a future of peace and prosperity."
